{"id":27666,"date":"2024-05-21T23:55:28","date_gmt":"2024-05-21T21:55:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/hipertensiunea-arteriala-un-pericol-pentru-ochii-dumneavoastra\/"},"modified":"2024-10-02T20:59:39","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T18:59:39","slug":"hipertensiunea-arteriala-un-pericol-pentru-ochii-dumneavoastra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/ro\/hipertensiunea-arteriala-un-pericol-pentru-ochii-dumneavoastra\/","title":{"rendered":"Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 &#8211; un pericol pentru ochii dumneavoastr\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 (hipertensiune arterial\u0103) este o afec\u021biune \u00een care presiunea din vasele de s\u00e2nge este prea mare.\nAcest articol explic\u0103 modul \u00een care hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 este legat\u0103 simptomatic de ochi, ce efecte are asupra ochilor \u0219i cum poate fi evitat\u0103 hipertensiunea arterial\u0103. <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce leg\u0103tur\u0103 are hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 cu ochii?<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Exist\u0103 multe vase de s\u00e2nge fine \u00een ochi.\nDac\u0103 tensiunea arterial\u0103 cre\u0219te, <strong>vasele de s\u00e2nge din ochi<\/strong> reac\u021bioneaz\u0103 sensibil la schimbare.\nPresiunea ridicat\u0103 poate duce la deteriorarea \u0219i constric\u021bia vaselor de s\u00e2nge.    <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dac\u0103 vasele de s\u00e2nge sunt afectate de hipertensiune arterial\u0103, cre\u0219te riscul de <strong>calcificare vascular\u0103 (arterioscleroz\u0103)<\/strong>. Calcifierea vascular\u0103 duce la r\u00e2ndul s\u0103u la tulbur\u0103ri circulatorii \u0219i, \u00een cel mai r\u0103u caz, la ocluzie vascular\u0103 complet\u0103.\nOrganele afectate &#8211; inclusiv ochiul &#8211; nu mai sunt aprovizionate cu suficient oxigen.\nRezultatul: <strong>afectarea ochilor.<\/strong>  <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Efectele hipertensiunii asupra ochiului<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 poate avea diverse efecte patologice asupra ochiului ca urmare a deterior\u0103rii vaselor de s\u00e2nge.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-style-rounded\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Krankenschwester-misst-Blutdruck-512x1024.webp\" alt=\"Asistenta medical&#x103; m&#x103;soar&#x103; tensiunea arterial&#x103;\" class=\"wp-image-24055\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Krankenschwester-misst-Blutdruck-512x1024.webp 512w, https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Krankenschwester-misst-Blutdruck-150x300.webp 150w, https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Krankenschwester-misst-Blutdruck-768x1536.webp 768w, https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Krankenschwester-misst-Blutdruck-1024x2048.webp 1024w, https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Krankenschwester-misst-Blutdruck.webp 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Retinopatia hipertensiv\u0103<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 nerecunoscut\u0103 \u0219i netratat\u0103 poate afecta vasele de s\u00e2nge din retin\u0103<strong> (retinopatie hipertensiv\u0103).<\/strong> Cu c\u00e2t hipertensiunea nu este recunoscut\u0103 mai mult timp, cu at\u00e2t este mai mare riscul de afectare.\nConsecin\u021bele acestei boli oculare sunt hemoragii oculare, edeme sau leziuni ale retinei, care pot duce \u00een cele din urm\u0103 la orbire.\nRetinopatia hipertensiv\u0103 provoac\u0103 diverse simptome, cum ar fi  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vederea imaginilor duble<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cennorat \u0219i vizibilitate limitat\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Durere de cap brusc\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pierderea vederii<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Neuropatie optic\u0103 hipertensiv\u0103<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 poate avea un efect \u0219i asupra nervului optic.\nNervul optic este responsabil pentru transmiterea impulsurilor nervoase c\u0103tre centrul vizual din creier, cre\u00e2nd astfel o impresie vizual\u0103.\nHipertensiunea arterial\u0103 poate duce la <strong>ocluzia vaselor de s\u00e2nge la nivelul capului nervului optic <\/strong>.\nEfectele unei ocluzii sunt alimentarea insuficient\u0103 cu s\u00e2nge \u0219i umflarea papilei nervului optic (edem papilar) &#8211; aceasta este denumit\u0103 \u0219i infarct al nervului optic.\nSimptomele posibile sunt    <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Defecte ale c\u00e2mpului vizual<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pierderea complet\u0103 a vederii<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tulbur\u0103ri vizuale bru\u0219te unilaterale  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen timpul unui examen oftalmologic, hemoragiile de la marginea nervului optic sunt adesea detectate la cei afecta\u021bi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Deta\u0219area retinei (amotio retinae) &#8211; o urgen\u021b\u0103 oftalmologic\u0103<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O alt\u0103 consecin\u021b\u0103 posibil\u0103 a hipertensiunii arteriale care este cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i temut\u0103 de mul\u021bi oameni: <strong>Deta\u0219area de retin\u0103.<\/strong> Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 poate cre\u0219te riscul de dezlipire de retin\u0103 &#8211; mai ales dac\u0103 sunt prezen\u021bi al\u021bi factori de risc, cum ar fi miopia (miopie).\nPrimele semne grave ale deta\u0219\u0103rii de retin\u0103 sunt <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>V\u0103z\u00e2nd ploaie de funingine sau o perdea<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pierderea c\u00e2mpului vizual<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Acuitate vizual\u0103 limitat\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Vederea de sclipiri de lumin\u0103 (scotom de p\u00e2lp\u00e2ire)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Degenerescen\u021b\u0103 macular\u0103 legat\u0103 de v\u00e2rst\u0103 (AMD)<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Degenerescen\u021ba macular\u0103 legat\u0103 de v\u00e2rst\u0103 (AMD) apare adesea la b\u0103tr\u00e2ne\u021be.\nStudiile arat\u0103 c\u0103 exist\u0103 o <strong>leg\u0103tur\u0103 \u00eentre hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 \u0219i AMD <\/strong>, motiv pentru care hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 ar trebui clasificat\u0103 drept factor de risc. <\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Macula &#8211; cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i sub numele de pata galben\u0103 &#8211; este cel mai ascu\u021bit punct al vederii.\nAici sunt localiza\u021bi majoritatea fotoreceptorilor.\nAici au loc procese metabolice intense &#8211; datorit\u0103 proceselor de degradare \u0219i eliminare a fotoreceptorilor.\nDac\u0103 metabolismul este perturbat de depozitele din vasele de s\u00e2nge, acest lucru duce la tulbur\u0103ri de vedere care afecteaz\u0103 \u00een special centrul c\u00e2mpului vizual.   <\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Recunoa\u0219terea hipertensiunii arteriale \u0219i prevenirea afect\u0103rii ochilor  <\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Afectarea ochilor \u00een cazul hipertensiunii arteriale apare, de obicei, numai dac\u0103 hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 nu este recunoscut\u0103 \u0219i tratat\u0103 \u00eentr-o anumit\u0103 perioad\u0103 de timp.\nPrin urmare, este cu at\u00e2t mai important s\u0103 recunoa\u0219te\u021bi simptomele hipertensiunii arteriale: <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ame\u021beli \u0219i \u021biuit \u00een urechi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie  <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dureri de cap (\u00een special diminea\u021ba)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Nervozitate<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Evita\u021bi bolile oculare cauzate de hipertensiunea arterial\u0103<\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Riscul de boli oculare cauzate de hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 poate fi redus prin luarea \u00een considerare a unui num\u0103r de factori la tratarea hipertensiunii.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Alimenta\u021bie s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">O diet\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103 poate influen\u021ba tensiunea arterial\u0103.\nAsigura\u021bi-v\u0103 c\u0103 <strong>m\u00e2nca\u021bi mai pu\u021bine alimente s\u0103rate, grase \u0219i foarte zaharoase<\/strong>.\n\u00cen schimb, ar trebui s\u0103 ave\u021bi o diet\u0103 echilibrat\u0103.\nAceasta include multe fructe \u0219i legume, produse integrale, proteine slabe \u0219i gr\u0103simi de \u00eenalt\u0103 calitate.   <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Managementul greut\u0103\u021bii pentru hipertensiunea arterial\u0103<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Excesul de greutate<\/strong> poate avea un efect negativ asupra tensiunii arteriale \u0219i o poate cre\u0219te.\nPrin urmare, ar trebui s\u0103 evita\u021bi s\u0103 fi\u021bi supraponderal sau s\u0103 face\u021bi eforturi \u00een acest sens dac\u0103 sunte\u021bi deja supraponderal.\nO diet\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103 \u0219i exerci\u021bii fizice regulate sunt cele mai importante atunci c\u00e2nd vine vorba de gestionarea greut\u0103\u021bii.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Activit\u0103\u021bi sportive<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chiar dac\u0103 nu sunte\u021bi supraponderal, activitatea fizic\u0103 regulat\u0103 s-a dovedit a fi eficient\u0103 \u00een prevenirea bolilor cardiovasculare. <strong>150 de minute de activitate fizic\u0103 moderat\u0103 pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103<\/strong> conduc deja la o reducere a tensiunii arteriale.\nActivit\u0103\u021bile potrivite includ, de exemplu <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mers vioi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cenot<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ciclism<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns are-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Alcoolul \u0219i fumatul<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Alcoolul \u0219i fumatul sunt considerate factori de risc \u00een ceea ce prive\u0219te hipertensiunea arterial\u0103.\nPentru a evita hipertensiunea arterial\u0103, alcoolul ar trebui consumat cu modera\u021bie, iar fumatul ar trebui evitat complet. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reducerea stresului \u00een via\u021ba de zi cu zi<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Stresul regulat din via\u021ba de zi cu zi poate cre\u0219te tensiunea arterial\u0103.\n\u00cencerca\u021bi s\u0103 evita\u021bi stresul sau s\u0103 \u00eel reduce\u021bi la minimum prin gestionarea stresului.\n <strong>Medita\u021bia, yoga, respira\u021bia \u0219i exerci\u021biile de relaxare<\/strong> s-au dovedit a fi eficiente.  <\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized is-style-rounded\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Alkohol-und-Zigaretten-sind-schlecht-fur-die-Sehkraft-512x1024.webp\" alt=\"Alcoolul &#x219;i &#x21B;ig&#x103;rile sunt nocive pentru vederea dumneavoastr&#x103;\" class=\"wp-image-24065\" style=\"width:200px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Alkohol-und-Zigaretten-sind-schlecht-fur-die-Sehkraft-512x1024.webp 512w, https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Alkohol-und-Zigaretten-sind-schlecht-fur-die-Sehkraft-150x300.webp 150w, https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Alkohol-und-Zigaretten-sind-schlecht-fur-die-Sehkraft-768x1536.webp 768w, https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Alkohol-und-Zigaretten-sind-schlecht-fur-die-Sehkraft-1024x2048.webp 1024w, https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/Alkohol-und-Zigaretten-sind-schlecht-fur-die-Sehkraft.webp 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Medicamente pentru hipertensiune arterial\u0103  <\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00cen cazul \u00een care hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 este deosebit de ridicat\u0103 sau nu poate fi redus\u0103 prin modificarea stilului de via\u021b\u0103, se utilizeaz\u0103 de obicei medicamente antihipertensive.\nPot fi utilizate diverse medicamente cu moduri de ac\u021biune diferite: <\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Diuretice<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Beta-blocante<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inhibitori ACE<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Blocan\u021bii receptorilor angiotensinei II<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Blocante ale canalelor de calciu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trebuie s\u0103 discuta\u021bi cu medicul dumneavoastr\u0103 despre ce medicament este potrivit pentru dumneavoastr\u0103.  <\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u0103surarea periodic\u0103 a tensiunii arteriale<\/h3>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De asemenea, este important ca tensiunea dumneavoastr\u0103 arterial\u0103 s\u0103 fie monitorizat\u0103 \u00een permanen\u021b\u0103, chiar \u0219i atunci c\u00e2nd lua\u021bi medicamente &#8211; at\u00e2t acas\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i prin efectuarea de m\u0103sur\u0103tori la cabinetul medical.\nAcest lucru garanteaz\u0103 c\u0103 medica\u021bia are efectul dorit.\n\u00cen plus, tensiunea arterial\u0103 se poate \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u021bi sau \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi \u00een timp ce lua\u021bi medicamente, ceea ce poate face necesar\u0103 ajustarea dozei.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hipertensiunea arterial\u0103 (hipertensiune arterial\u0103) este o afec\u021biune \u00een care presiunea din vasele de s\u00e2nge este prea mare. Acest articol explic\u0103&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":27667,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27666","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-44"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27666","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27666"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27666\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27667"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27666"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27666"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyelaser.at\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27666"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}